代码实现如下：

import urllib.request
import random
url = ‘http://www.baidu.com'

方法1，模拟请求头,字典

常见请求头https://blog.csdn.net/mouday/article/details/80182397 https://www.cnblogs.com/zrmw/p/9332801.html

headers = {
‘Accept’:’application/json,application/javascript,/;q=0.01’,
‘X-Requested-With’:’XMLHttpRequest’,
‘User-Agent’:’Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36’,
‘Content-Type’:’application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8’
}

设置一个请求体

req = urllib.request.Request(url,headers=headers)

发起请求

response = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
data = response.read().decode(‘utf-8’)

print(type(data)) # <class ‘str’>

print(data) # 打印出来的就是百度首页的内容

方法2

agentList = [
“Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8; en-us) AppleWebKit/534.50 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.50”,
“Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-us) AppleWebKit/534.50 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.50”,
“Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:38.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/38.0”,
]
agentStr = random.choice(agentList) # 随机拿一个

print(agentStr)

req = urllib.request.Request(url)
req.add_header(‘User-Agent’,agentStr) # 逗号，不是冒号
response = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
data = response.read().decode(‘utf-8’)
print(type(data))
print(data)